![]() For example, in the 1968 Meckering Earthquake, a number of masonry buildings were extensively damaged, some of which completely collapsed (Kateiva 1970 Smith 1969) (Fig. Although in Australia the seismicity is low to moderate, hazards from earthquakes on structures still exist due to widespread masonry structures, which have poor seismic resistance (Maqsood et al. For instance, in the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, 50% of the masonry structures in the epicentre area completely collapsed (Sun et al. Therefore, damages and even collapses of masonry structures are always reported in the wake of earthquakes. Nevertheless, compared to reinforced concrete and steel structures, masonry structures are relatively weak against extreme loadings such as earthquake due to their low ductility, high specific weight, and weak connection between bricks (Lourenço et al. Masonry structure is one of the oldest structure forms and is still widely used all over the world due to its outstanding fire resistance, thermal and sound insulation performances, and relatively low cost. The interlocking brick wall is insensitive to velocity pulses of ground motions due to its relatively high natural frequency. Because of the rocking response, vertical component of the ground motion significantly influences the damage of interlocking brick wall. Inter-brick friction is the main energy dissipation mechanism in the interlocking brick wall. It is found that the interlocking brick wall has a higher seismic resistance capacity than the conventional CMU wall. The influences of ground motion intensities, vertical components of seismic excitations and different seismic time histories on the seismic behaviour of the interlocking brick wall are examined. Comparisons are made between the seismic resistances and damage modes of the two walls. Full-scale interlocking brick walls are then modelled and compared with conventional concrete masonry unit (CMU) walls bonded by mortar. Unlike the conventional masonry wall that diagonal shear damage governs the failure, the interlocking brick wall exhibits rocking responses, whose damage is mainly at the two bottom corners of the wall. A detailed numerical model is then generated and validated with the laboratory testing data. The response and damage modes under in-plane seismic loading are investigated. Laboratory shaking table tests are performed on a scaled reinforced mortar-less interlocking brick wall. In this paper, laboratory tests and numerical modelling are carried out to investigate the seismic behaviour of interlocking brick walls. Nevertheless, the seismic performance of interlocking brick structures is not well understood yet. Mortar-less construction with interlocking bricks has many advantages, such as improved construction efficiency and relatively low requirements on labour skills. ![]()
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